Download the issue as single pdf with all articles: IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9

IJHSR ISSN (Online Version): 2642 1054
IJHSR ISSN (Print Version): 2642 1046

Conformity Bias in Financial Decision-Making among Indian Middle-Class Households: A Literature Review

Niyati Aggarwal

Spring Dale Senior School, Fatehgarh Churian Road, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 1-4
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.1

KEYWORDS: Behavioral and Social Sciences, Sociology and Social Psychology, Middle Class, India, Household Finance.

Exploiting Helpfulness Bias in Aligned LLMs: A Taxonomy of Persuasion-Based Jailbreak Prompts

Nerav Jain

G D Goenka World School, G.D. Goenka Education City, Sohna - Gurgaon Rd, Sohna, Haryana 122103, India; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 5-11
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.5

KEYWORDS: Systems Software, Cybersecurity, Large Language Models, Prompt Injection, Alignment.

An AI-Based Approach to the Classification of Fruit Ripeness

Aratrika Pal

Irvington High School, 41800 Blacow Rd, Fremont, CA, 94538, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 12-16
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.12

KEYWORDS: Computer Science and Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Transfer Learning, Resnet50.

Current Morphing Wing Technologies and Their Development

Hao-Cheng Kuo

American International School of Vienna, Salmannsdorfer Str. 47, Wien, 1190, Austria; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 17-22
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.17

KEYWORDS: Engineering, Aerospace, Morphing Wings, Technology Readiness Level.

Augmented Reality’s Impact On Modular Robot Design

Samuel Gampel

Strake Jesuit College Preparatory, 8900 Bellaire Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77036, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 23-30
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.23

KEYWORDS: Engineering, Robotics, Modular Robotics (MR), Augmented Reality (AR), AR-Finite Element Analysis, SAR, AR Computed Aided Design, and HMD.

How Globalization Affects Democracy: Mechanisms and Case Study of Hungary

Toregeldi D. Rakhman

Nurorda school-lyceum, 34 Kasym Amanzholov Street, Esil District, Astana, 01000, Kazakhstan; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 31-38
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.31

KEYWORDS: Politics, Globalization, Hungary, Democracy, Democratization.

Performance Comparison of a Transformer Model with Sparse and Standard Attention in Fake News Classification

Adhavan S. Viswapurna

British School Muscat, PO Box 1907, Ruwi 112, Sultanate of Oman; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 39-46
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.39

KEYWORDS: Computer Science, Transformers, Fake News Detection, Multi-Head Attention, Sparse Attention.

Making Emotional AI Ethical and Effective in Mental Healthcare: Addressing Bias, Privacy, and Accuracy

Akriti Shetty

Santa Clara High School, 3000 Benton St, Santa Clara, California, 95051, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 47-52
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.47

KEYWORDS: Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Machine Learning, Emotional Artificial Intelligence, Mental Health, Bias.

21st Century Challenge: How Can We Effectively Recycle the 60+ Million Tons of Electronic Waste Produced Every Year?

Takaji Murase

Woodbridge High School, 2 Meadowbrook, Irvine, CA, 92604, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 53-62
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.53

KEYWORDS: Recycling and Waste Management, Machine Learning, E-waste, Automated Dismantling, Architecture.

Governance and Economic Outcomes: A Data Analytics Approach

Tony Liu

Hamilton High School, 3700 S Arizona Ave, Chandler, AZ, 85248, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 63-69
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.63

KEYWORDS: Economics, Political Economy, Cluster Analysis, Political Governance, Household Expenditure.

Large Language Models in Automated Code Review: A Review

Ethan C. Lee

Interlake High School, 16245 NE 24th St, Bellevue, Washington, 98008, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 70-76
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.70

KEYWORDS: Computer Science, Software Engineering, Machine Learning, Large Language Models, Software Quality Assurance, Automated Code Review.

Electrification of Aviation: Environmental Impacts, Limitations, and Performance

Alp Kucukay

Dubai British School, Emirates Hills, Dubai, UAE; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 77-83
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.77

KEYWORDS: Aviation, Aircraft Propulsion, Aviation Electrification, Electric Aircraft, Energy-Efficient Batteries.

The Neurological Impact of Uremic Toxins from Chronic Kidney Disease

Anya Naik

The Brearley School, 610 East 83rd Street. New York, NY, 10028, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 84-89
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.84

KEYWORDS: Neuroscience, Nephrology, Uremic Toxins, Cognitive Decline, Chronic Kidney Disease, Brain Development.

Reducing Latency: Business Opportunities for Edge Networks in Rural Agriculture

Landen M. Brundage

Lincoln High School, 1750 SW Salmon St, Portland, OR, 97205, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 90-96
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.90

KEYWORDS: Agriculture, Precision Agriculture, Edge Networks, Edge Computing Solutions, Data Latency Mitigation.

Using Modular Robotics to Accelerate the Design-Build-Test-Learn Cycle in Synthetic Biology: A Review

A. Siddharth

Aditya Birla World Academy, J D Road, Tardeo, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400007, India; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 97-102
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.97

KEYWORDS: Biomedical Engineering, Synthetic Biology, Design-Build-Test-Learn Cycle (DBTL), Modular Robotics, Precision in Synthetic Biology, Biofoundries, Automation.

Orexin Dysfunction, Chronic Stress, and the Neurobiology of Burnout Syndrome

Ariana Das

Shiv Nadar School Gurgaon, The Vilas, Akashneem Marg, DLF-phase 2, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122022, Delhi; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 103-110
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.103

KEYWORDS: Biology, Chronic Stress, Stress Neurobiology, Burnout Syndrome, Orexin Dysfunction, Neuroendocrine Stress Response.

Diagnosing Frontotemporal Dementia: Reviewing Apathy as a Distinguishing Clinical Marker

Alicia Y. Lin

Henry M Gunn High School, 780 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA, 94306, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 111-115
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.111

KEYWORDS: Behavioral and Social Sciences, Neuroscience, Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia, Apathy in the Diagnosis of bvFTD.

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) as Sex-Specific Neuroprotective Therapies: A Comparative Review

Bruce M. van Wingerden

Choate Rosemary Hall, 333 Christian Street, Wallingford, CT, 06492, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 116-120
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.116

KEYWORDS: Neuroscience, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs), Sex-Specific Neuroprotection, Estrogen Signaling.

Ionic Wind Propulsion for Aircraft: A Review of Fundamental Limitations and Scaling Barriers

Zuiyo Kikuchi

Wellesley High School, Wellesley, MA 02482, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 121-128
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.121

KEYWORDS: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Electrohydrodynamic Propulsion, Ionic Wind, Corona Discharge, Aircraft Sustainability.

Dissociative Identity Disorder May Involve an Altered Functioning of the Amygdala in Memory and Behavior

Ethan Malunga

Ashton International College, Benoni, 47 Beryl Street, Goedeburg, Benoni, Gauteng, 1501, South Africa; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 129-134
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.129

KEYWORDS: Behavioral and Social Sciences, Physiological Psychology, Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), Amygdala, Memory, Behavior, Trauma.

Regional Glymphatic Clearance and Associations with Cerebrovascular Pathology

Mahika Reddy Mahesh

Milpitas High School, 1285 Escuela Pkwy, Milpitas, CA 95035, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 135-146
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.135

KEYWORDS: Neurobiology, Cerebrovascular Disease (CVD), Glymphatic System, Regional Glymphatic Clearance, Perivascular Space (PVS).

How APOE4 Interacts with Biological Sex and Cognitive Differences to Shape Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

Naz Kucukay

Dubai British School, Emirates Hills, Dubai, UAE; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 147-153
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.147

KEYWORDS: Genetics, Neurogenetics, Alzheimer's Disease, Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Functions, Sex Differences, Inflammation.

Digital Dopamine and Human Connections: Neural Responses to Online and Offline Social Feedback

Salma Swar

American International School Riyadh (AISR), Al Arid, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 154-157
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.154

KEYWORDS: Digital Dopamine, Social Media Engagement, Neural Rewards Pathways, Online Social Feedback, Offline Social Interaction, Human Connection.

Targeting the p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway: A Comparative Review of Therapeutic Strategies

Nathan Pai

Taipei American School, 800 Zhongshan North Road, Section 6, Taipei, 11152, Taiwan; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 158-162
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.158

KEYWORDS: Biology, Molecular Biology, p53, Cancer Therapy, CRISPR-Cas9, DNA Repair, Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Regulation.

The Future of Transportation: LCA Emissions Comparison Between EV and ICE Vehicles in Urban Settings

Jesús Santiago Mendiola López

Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, PrepaTec Campus Metepec, Av. Solidaridad Las Torres 1957, San Salvador Tizatlalli, 52172 San Salvador Tizatlalli, Metepec, Estado de México, 52172, México; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 163-168
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.163

KEYWORDS: Mechanical Engineering, Life Cycle Assessment, Electrification, Public Transport, Emissions Comparison, Urban Transport.

Neurological and Cognitive Impacts of Cluster B Personality Disorders

Haruka Ono

Frances Kelsey Secondary School, 953 Shawnigan-Mill Bay Rd, Mill Bay, British Columbia, V8H 1G3, Canada; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 169-172
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.169

KEYWORDS: Cluster B Personality, Metabolism, Impulse, Orbitofrontal Cortex, Amygdala, PET. fMRI, Dysfunction, Psychiatric.

How Large Language Models Are Shaping Online Information Credibility

Ronav A. Lamba

Adlai E. Stevenson High School, 1 Stevenson Dr., Lincolnshire, IL, 60089, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 173-176
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.173

KEYWORDS: Computer Science and Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Large Language Models, AI Literacy, Online Information Credibility.

Tyrosinase Inhibitors in Hyperpigmentation: Distinctions, Instability, and Limitations

Niranjana N.

Woodbridge Academy Magnet School, 1 Convery Boulevard, Woodbridge, New Jersey, 07095, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 177-181
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.177

KEYWORDS: Biochemistry, Biology, Medical and Health Science, Dermatology, Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation, Melasma, Tyrosinase Inhibitors, Thiamidol.

Bridging Metabolism and Neurodegeneration: Antidiabetic Drugs as Therapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease

Jeffrey N. Winoto

Rocklin High School, Rocklin, California, 95765, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 182-192
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.182

KEYWORDS: Translational Medical Sciences, Disease Treatment and Therapies, Parkinson’s Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cross-Disease Treatment.

A Vision for SPARK Health: An AI Assistant Leveraging Biomedical FM/LLM for Smart Remote Senior Healthcare

Karthik SP Reddy

Temple City High School, 9501 Lemon Ave, Temple City, CA 91780; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 193-203
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.193

KEYWORDS: Foundation Model (FM), Large Language Model (LLM), Remote Senior Healthcare, AI Assistant, SPARK Health.

Cactus Leather In Cricket Balls: Evaluating Its Behavior as an Alternative to Animal-Based Leather

Neel Dandekar

The American School in London, 1 Waverley Place, London, Middlesex, NW8 0NP, UK; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 204-209
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.204

KEYWORDS: Materials Science, Sustainable Leather, Cactus Leather, Cricket.

Online Gaming Habits and Social Anxiety: Analyzing Playtime, Playstyle, and Symptom Associations

Shaayan Saksena

Singapore American School, 40 Woodlands Street 41, Singapore, 738547, Singapore; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 210-220
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.210

KEYWORDS: Social and Behavioral Science, Psychology, Social Anxiety, Online Gaming, Network Analysis.

Dysregulation of Dopamine D2 Receptors and μ-Opioid Systems in Reward Memory in Binge Eating Disorders

Olivia Wang, Jorge Avila

Saigon South International School, 78 Nguyễn Đức Cảnh Tân Phong Quận 7, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Vietnam; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 221-228
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.221

KEYWORDS: Biology, Neurobiology, Reward Memory Binge, Eating Disorder, Dopamine D2 Receptor, μ-Opioid Receptor.

From Choke to Clutch: Using Neuroscience and Psychology to Understand Performance Breakdown in Athletes

Vivien Valckx

Phillips Academy Andover, 7 Chapel Ave, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 229-236
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.229

KEYWORDS: Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Sports Psychology, High-Pressure, Perfectionism, Performance Anxiety, Choking.

AI for Fraud Detection: A Cross-Industry Analysis of Banking and E-Commerce

Andy Wu

Cypress Bay High School, 19113 S Hibiscus St, Weston, Florida, 33332, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 237-244
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.237

KEYWORDS: Systems Software, Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence, Banking & E-commerce, Fraud Detection.

The Accuracy of ΛCDM as a Dark Matter Model

Emily Elizabeth Yam

The British School in Tokyo Showa Campus, 1-7-57 Taishido, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-8533, Japan; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 245-249
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.245

KEYWORDS: Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy and Cosmology, Dark Matter, Small-Scale Problems, ΛCDM Model.

Constraint-Based Geospatial Analysis for Mars Landing Site Selection

Jia Shenai

Metea Valley High School, 1801 N Eola Rd, Aurora, IL 60502;
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 250-254
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.250

KEYWORDS: Engineering Mechanics, Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering, Mars Landing Sites, Geospatial Analysis, Planetary Surface Conditions.

The Economic Effects of Bulgaria’s Eurozone Accession

Ivan Karadanov

Institut Le Rosey, Château du Rosey, 1180 Rolle, Switzerland; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 255-263
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.255

KEYWORDS: Economics, Optimum Currency Area, Eurozone Accession, Economic Convergence, Bulgaria.

Stepwise UQ: Characterizing Uncertainty in CoT Models

Aman Chandra

The Harker School, 500 Saratoga Avenue, San Jose, CA 95129, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 264-270
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.264

KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs), Chain-of-Thought (CoT), Uncertainty Quantification (UQ), Stepwise Uncertainty Quantification (SUQ).

Evaluation of AI-based Music Generation Using an LSTM

Vy N. Nguyen

Haileybury Imperial & Service College, Hertford, Hertfordshire, SG13 7NU, UK; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 271-277
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.271

KEYWORDS: Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Machine Learning, Music Generation, LSTM, Hidden Units Dimension.

Insurance-Correlated Disparities in Pediatric Allergy Diagnosis

Teddy Blanc

New Canaan High School, 11 Farm Road, New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 278-283
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.278

KEYWORDS: Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology, Pediatric Allergy, Medicaid Disparities, Diagnosis Timing.

Exploring Gastric Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Methods: What Can Change in the US?

Sachi Tsuno

Khan Lab School, 1200 Villa St, Mountain View, CA 94041; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 284-289
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.284

KEYWORDS: Medical and Health Sciences, Public Health, Cellular Immunology, High-Salt Diet, H. Pylori, Risk Stratification.

Exploring the Implementation of 6-Stroke Engine and Biofuel Alternatives Compared to Standard Practice: A Review

Stefano T. P.

Colégio Visconde de Porto Seguro, Rod. Visc. de Porto Seguro, 5701 - Chácaras São Bento, Valinhos - SP, 13278-327, Brazil; [email protected]
IJHSR 2026 Vol. 8 Issue 9 p. 290-296
Download Article: https://doi.org/10.36838/IJHSR89.290

KEYWORDS: Mechanical Engineering, Automotive Biofuels, Ethanol, Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles, Six-Stroke Engine, Sustainability.